Which practice helps to conserve soil moisture?

Mulching is an effective practice for conserving soil moisture. When organic or inorganic materials are applied to the surface of the soil, they create a barrier that reduces evaporation. This layer of mulch helps retain moisture within the soil by shading the soil surface, breaking wind forces, and preventing direct exposure to sunlight. Additionally, mulch can improve soil structure, enhance infiltration, and reduce surface runoff, further benefiting moisture conservation.

Tilling, while a common agricultural practice, can disrupt soil structure and create conditions that lead to increased evaporation, thus reducing soil moisture retention. Overwatering can lead to waterlogging, which negatively affects plant health and can waste valuable water resources. Crop rotation can improve soil health and fertility but does not directly target moisture retention in the same way that mulching does. Overall, mulching stands out as the optimal practice specifically aimed at preserving soil moisture.